Localization is one of the critical services in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UASNs).Due to harsh underwater environments, the nodes often move with currents continuously.Consequently, the acoustic signals usually propagate with varying speeds in non-straight lines and the noise levels change frequently with the motion of the nodes.These lim
The Muslim youth challenge in current time is the improvement of global culture.It is known as pop culture, so they have new icon The youth generatons next!.It will be a dream and they saddle accessorie hard struggle to realized it.Because of the problem of youth, this article describe: (1) give knowledge to youth generation about this culture as n
This study used bibliometric data from Language Testing, a prestigious international peer-reviewed journal in the language testing field, to investigate research trends and development patterns in language testing.The bibliometric information included the number of publications, the most frequently researched test types and topics, the most cited p
This paper introduces the election optimization algorithm (EOA), a meta-heuristic approach for engineering optimization problems.Inspired by the democratic electoral system, focusing on the presidential election, EOA emulates the complete election process to optimize solutions.By simulating the presidential election, EOA introduces a novel position